RISWIS Core Banking System - Product Requirements Document (PRD)

Version: 1.0 Date: January 2025 Document Owner: RISWIS Development Team Status: Production Ready


Table of Contents


Executive Summary

RISWIS (Risk-Integrated Savings and Wealth Investment System) is a comprehensive core banking platform designed specifically for West African financial institutions. The system provides end-to-end banking operations management with dual-currency support (USD/LRD), advanced risk management, regulatory compliance, and mobile-first design principles.

Key Value Propositions

  • Dual Currency Operations: Native USD/LRD support for Liberian market requirements

  • Comprehensive Banking Suite: Complete loan management, transaction processing, and customer lifecycle management

  • Regulatory Compliance: Built-in AML/KYC compliance and Central Bank of Liberia reporting

  • Risk Management: Advanced risk assessment, monitoring, and mitigation capabilities

  • Mobile-First Design: Responsive interface optimized for mobile banking operations

  • Multi-Channel Integration: Support for web, mobile, SMS, and USSD channels


Product Overview

Product Vision

To become the leading core banking platform for small to medium-sized financial institutions in West Africa, enabling digital transformation while maintaining regulatory compliance and operational excellence.

Target Market

  • Primary: Small to medium banks in Liberia

  • Secondary: Microfinance institutions across West Africa

  • Tertiary: Credit unions and savings cooperatives

Product Scope

RISWIS encompasses the complete banking technology stack:

  1. Core Banking Engine: Transaction processing, account management, customer lifecycle

  2. Loan Management System: Application processing, disbursement, repayment tracking

  3. Risk Management Module: Credit risk, operational risk, compliance monitoring

  4. Treasury Operations: Cash management, liquidity monitoring, vault operations

  5. Reporting & Analytics: Financial reporting, regulatory compliance, business intelligence

  6. Customer Channels: Web portal, mobile app, SMS banking, USSD integration


Business Requirements

BR1: Multi-Currency Banking Operations

  • Requirement: Support simultaneous USD and LRD operations

  • Business Value: Serves Liberian market requirements where both currencies are legal tender

  • Acceptance Criteria:

    • All financial transactions support currency selection

    • Exchange rate management and conversion tracking

    • Separate balance tracking and reporting by currency

    • Multi-currency SMS notifications and statements

BR2: Comprehensive Loan Management

  • Requirement: End-to-end loan lifecycle management

  • Business Value: Enables financial institutions to offer diverse lending products

  • Acceptance Criteria:

    • Loan product configuration and management

    • Application workflow with multi-level approvals

    • Automated disbursement and repayment tracking

    • Portfolio quality monitoring and collections management

BR3: Regulatory Compliance Framework

  • Requirement: Built-in compliance with banking regulations

  • Business Value: Reduces compliance costs and regulatory risk

  • Acceptance Criteria:

    • AML/KYC verification workflows

    • Central Bank of Liberia reporting modules

    • Audit trail for all transactions and activities

    • Risk assessment and monitoring capabilities

BR4: Mobile-First Banking Operations

  • Requirement: Mobile-optimized banking interface

  • Business Value: Enables banking operations in areas with limited desktop infrastructure

  • Acceptance Criteria:

    • Responsive design for all screen sizes

    • Touch-friendly interface elements

    • Offline capability for critical operations

    • Progressive Web App (PWA) support

BR5: Multi-Branch Operations

  • Requirement: Support for distributed banking operations

  • Business Value: Enables expansion and franchise operations

  • Acceptance Criteria:

    • Branch-specific user access and data filtering

    • Centralized reporting with branch breakdowns

    • Inter-branch transaction processing

    • Branch performance monitoring


Functional Requirements

F1: Customer Management System

F1.1 Customer Onboarding

  • Description: Complete customer registration and KYC process

  • Features:

    • Personal information capture with validation

    • Document upload and verification

    • KYC compliance checks and AML screening

    • Account opening workflow with approval process

    • Welcome communications and account activation

F1.2 Customer Lifecycle Management

  • Description: Ongoing customer relationship management

  • Features:

    • Customer profile maintenance and updates

    • Account status management (Active, Dormant, Suspended, Closed)

    • Customer segmentation and classification

    • Blacklist management and monitoring

    • Customer service request tracking

F1.3 Account Management

  • Description: Multi-product account management

  • Supported Account Types:

    • Savings Accounts (with interest calculation)

    • Current/Checking Accounts (with overdraft facilities)

    • Fixed Deposit Accounts (term-based investments)

    • Business Accounts (commercial banking)

    • Loan Accounts (credit facilities)

    • Internal Accounts (operational accounts)

F2: Transaction Processing Engine

F2.1 Core Transaction Types

  • Deposits: Cash and transfer deposits with denomination tracking

  • Withdrawals: Cash withdrawals with balance validation

  • Transfers: Internal and external fund transfers

  • Loan Disbursements: Automated loan fund disbursement

  • Loan Repayments: Payment processing and schedule updates

F2.2 Transaction Features

  • Dual Currency Support: USD and LRD transaction processing

  • Real-time Processing: Immediate balance updates and notifications

  • Transaction Reversal: Controlled reversal workflow with approvals

  • Batch Processing: End-of-day transaction batching

  • Transaction Limits: Configurable daily and transaction limits

F2.3 Transaction Security

  • Multi-level Approvals: Configurable approval workflows

  • Fraud Detection: Real-time transaction monitoring

  • Audit Logging: Complete transaction audit trails

  • Segregation of Duties: Role-based transaction controls

F3: Loan Management System

F3.1 Loan Product Management

  • Product Configuration: Interest rates, terms, fees, eligibility criteria

  • Product Types: Personal loans, business loans, group loans, microfinance

  • Repayment Schedules: Flexible scheduling with multiple frequencies

  • Collateral Management: Collateral tracking and valuation

F3.2 Loan Application Workflow

  • Application Processing: Digital application capture and processing

  • Credit Assessment: Automated and manual credit evaluation

  • Approval Workflow: Multi-level approval with role-based routing

  • Documentation: Loan agreement generation and management

F3.3 Loan Portfolio Management

  • Disbursement Management: Multiple disbursement methods and tracking

  • Repayment Processing: Automated and manual payment processing

  • Portfolio Monitoring: Portfolio quality metrics and reporting

  • Collections Management: Overdue loan tracking and collection workflows

F4: Money Transfer Services

F4.1 Internal Transfers

  • Account-to-Account: Transfers between customer accounts

  • Branch-to-Branch: Inter-branch transfer processing

  • Bulk Transfers: Batch transfer processing

  • Scheduled Transfers: Recurring and future-dated transfers

F4.2 External Transfers

  • Mobile Money Integration: MTN MoMo, Orange Money connectivity

  • Bank Transfers: Interbank transfer processing

  • International Remittances: RIA Money Transfer integration

  • SWIFT Integration: International wire transfer capability

F5: Treasury & Cash Management

F5.1 Teller Operations

  • Teller Sessions: Daily session management with opening/closing balances

  • Cash Counting: Denomination-based cash management

  • Variance Tracking: Cash variance detection and reporting

  • Dual Currency Handling: Separate USD and LRD cash management

F5.2 Vault Management

  • Vault Operations: Branch vault cash management

  • Cash Limits: Configurable cash holding limits

  • Cash Transfer: Inter-branch cash movement tracking

  • Security Controls: Multi-person authorization for vault access

F6: Risk Management Module

F6.1 Risk Assessment

  • Credit Risk: Customer and portfolio credit risk evaluation

  • Operational Risk: Process and system risk monitoring

  • Market Risk: Interest rate and currency risk assessment

  • Compliance Risk: Regulatory compliance monitoring

F6.2 Risk Monitoring

  • Risk Registers: Comprehensive risk tracking and management

  • Risk Metrics: Key risk indicator monitoring

  • Risk Alerts: Real-time risk threshold alerts

  • Risk Reporting: Regular risk assessment reporting

F7: Reporting & Analytics

F7.1 Operational Reports

  • Transaction Reports: Daily, weekly, monthly transaction summaries

  • Customer Reports: Customer analytics and demographics

  • Loan Reports: Portfolio quality and performance reports

  • Cash Management Reports: Teller and vault operation reports

F7.2 Financial Reports

  • Balance Sheets: Standard financial position statements

  • Income Statements: Profit and loss reporting

  • Cash Flow Statements: Cash flow analysis and reporting

  • Trial Balance: Accounting trial balance generation

F7.3 Regulatory Reports

  • Central Bank Reports: CBL regulatory compliance reporting

  • AML Reports: Anti-money laundering compliance reports

  • Audit Reports: Internal and external audit support

  • Compliance Reports: Regulatory compliance monitoring

F8: Communication & Notifications

F8.1 SMS Alert System

  • Transaction Alerts: Real-time transaction notifications

  • Account Alerts: Balance and account status notifications

  • Loan Alerts: Payment due and overdue notifications

  • Marketing Messages: Promotional and informational SMS

F8.2 Multi-Channel Communication

  • Email Notifications: Account statements and important notices

  • In-App Notifications: Real-time system notifications

  • Push Notifications: Mobile app push notifications

  • USSD Integration: Feature phone banking support


Technical Requirements

T1: System Architecture

T1.1 Frontend Technology Stack

  • Framework: Next.js 15+ with App Router

  • Language: TypeScript for type safety

  • UI Library: shadcn/ui with Tailwind CSS

  • State Management: React Context API and custom hooks

  • Mobile Support: Responsive design with PWA capabilities

T1.2 Backend Technology Stack

  • Runtime: Node.js with Express.js framework

  • Language: TypeScript for consistency

  • Database: PostgreSQL with Prisma ORM

  • Authentication: JWT-based with refresh tokens

  • API Design: RESTful APIs with OpenAPI documentation

T1.3 Database Requirements

  • Primary Database: PostgreSQL 14+ for ACID compliance

  • Data Models: 80+ tables with complex relationships

  • Backup Strategy: Automated daily backups with point-in-time recovery

  • Performance: Optimized queries with proper indexing

T2: Security Requirements

T2.1 Authentication & Authorization

  • Multi-Factor Authentication: SMS and email-based 2FA

  • Role-Based Access Control: 23+ user roles with granular permissions

  • Session Management: Secure session handling with timeout

  • Password Policy: Strong password requirements with expiration

T2.2 Data Security

  • Encryption: AES-256 encryption for sensitive data

  • Transport Security: TLS 1.3 for all communications

  • Data Masking: PII masking in logs and non-production environments

  • Audit Logging: Comprehensive audit trails for all activities

T3: Performance Requirements

T3.1 Response Time Requirements

  • Page Load Time: < 3 seconds for dashboard pages

  • Transaction Processing: < 2 seconds for standard transactions

  • Report Generation: < 30 seconds for standard reports

  • API Response Time: < 500ms for most API calls

T3.2 Scalability Requirements

  • Concurrent Users: Support for 1,000+ concurrent users

  • Transaction Volume: 100,000+ transactions per day

  • Data Storage: 10TB+ data storage capacity

  • Horizontal Scaling: Support for load balancing and clustering

T4: Integration Requirements

T4.1 External System Integration

  • SMS Gateways: Africa's Talking, Orange SMS integration

  • Mobile Money: MTN MoMo, Orange Money API integration

  • Payment Processors: Visa, Mastercard processing capability

  • Core Banking: Integration with existing core banking systems

T4.2 API Requirements

  • RESTful APIs: Well-documented REST APIs for all functions

  • Webhook Support: Real-time event notifications

  • Rate Limiting: API rate limiting for security and performance

  • API Versioning: Backward-compatible API versioning


User Roles & Permissions

Primary User Roles

R1: Administrative Roles

  • SUPER_ADMIN: Full system access and configuration

  • ADMIN: System administration and user management

  • MANAGER: Branch management and oversight

  • SUPERVISOR: Team supervision and approval authority

R2: Operational Roles

  • TELLER: Daily transaction processing and customer service

  • HEAD_TELLER: Teller supervision and cash management

  • CUSTOMER_SERVICE: Customer support and account services

  • TREASURY: Cash management and liquidity operations

R3: Specialized Roles

  • LOAN_OFFICER: Loan application processing and management

  • CREDIT_COMMITTEE: Loan approval and credit decisions

  • RISK_MANAGEMENT: Risk assessment and monitoring

  • COMPLIANCE_OFFICER: Regulatory compliance and AML monitoring

R4: Audit & Control Roles

  • INTERNAL_AUDIT: Internal audit and control functions

  • EXTERNAL_AUDITOR: External audit support and access

  • ACCOUNTANT: Financial reporting and accounting functions

  • OPERATIONS: System operations and maintenance

Permission Framework

The system implements a granular permission system with 200+ specific permissions organized into categories:

  • User Management: User creation, editing, role assignment

  • Customer Management: Customer onboarding, profile management

  • Transaction Processing: Transaction creation, approval, reversal

  • Loan Management: Loan processing, approval, portfolio management

  • System Administration: Settings, backup, configuration management

  • Reporting: Report generation, data export, audit access

  • Risk & Compliance: Risk assessment, compliance monitoring


System Architecture

Architecture Overview

RISWIS follows a modern three-tier architecture with clear separation of concerns:

  1. Presentation Layer: Next.js frontend with responsive design

  2. Application Layer: Express.js API with business logic

  3. Data Layer: PostgreSQL database with Prisma ORM

Key Architectural Principles

  • Microservices-Ready: Modular design for future microservices migration

  • API-First: All functionality exposed through well-documented APIs

  • Mobile-First: Responsive design optimized for mobile devices

  • Security by Design: Security considerations built into every component

  • Scalability: Horizontal scaling support with load balancing

Database Architecture

Core Data Models

  • User Management: Users, roles, permissions, sessions

  • Customer Data: Customers, accounts, KYC, demographics

  • Transaction Data: Transactions, transfers, reversals, audit logs

  • Loan Data: Loans, applications, repayments, collateral

  • System Data: Settings, configurations, audit trails

Data Relationships

  • Complex many-to-many relationships between entities

  • Foreign key constraints for data integrity

  • Audit trail tables for all critical entities

  • Soft delete patterns for data retention


Security & Compliance

Security Framework

Authentication Security

  • JWT Tokens: Secure token-based authentication

  • Refresh Tokens: Automatic token refresh for session management

  • Password Security: Bcrypt hashing with salt

  • Account Lockout: Failed login attempt protection

Authorization Security

  • Role-Based Access Control: Granular permission system

  • Resource-Level Security: Object-level access control

  • API Security: Rate limiting and request validation

  • Session Security: Secure session management with timeout

Compliance Framework

Regulatory Compliance

  • Central Bank of Liberia: CBL reporting and compliance requirements

  • Anti-Money Laundering: AML screening and monitoring

  • Know Your Customer: KYC verification and documentation

  • Data Protection: GDPR-style data protection compliance

Audit & Control

  • Audit Trails: Comprehensive logging of all system activities

  • Segregation of Duties: Role-based control separation

  • Approval Workflows: Multi-level approval for critical operations

  • Transaction Monitoring: Real-time fraud detection and alerts


Performance Requirements

System Performance Standards

Response Time Requirements

  • Dashboard Loading: ≤ 3 seconds

  • Transaction Processing: ≤ 2 seconds

  • Report Generation: ≤ 30 seconds

  • API Responses: ≤ 500ms

Throughput Requirements

  • Concurrent Users: 1,000+ simultaneous users

  • Transaction Volume: 100,000+ daily transactions

  • Peak Load: 5x normal load capacity

  • Uptime: 99.9% availability target

Resource Requirements

  • CPU: Multi-core processor support

  • Memory: 16GB+ RAM for production

  • Storage: SSD storage with 10TB+ capacity

  • Network: High-speed internet with redundancy


Integration Requirements

Required Integrations

Payment & Transfer Systems

  • Mobile Money: MTN MoMo, Orange Money integration

  • Card Processing: Visa, Mastercard payment processing

  • Bank Networks: Interbank transfer capabilities

  • International: SWIFT network for international transfers

Communication Systems

  • SMS Gateways: Africa's Talking, Orange SMS

  • Email Services: SMTP integration for notifications

  • Push Notifications: Mobile app push notification services

  • USSD: Feature phone banking support

Regulatory Systems

  • Central Bank: CBL reporting system integration

  • Credit Bureau: Credit information sharing

  • AML Systems: Anti-money laundering screening

  • Tax Systems: Tax reporting and compliance


Deployment & Infrastructure

Deployment Architecture

Production Environment

  • Frontend: Next.js production build with CDN

  • Backend: Node.js with PM2 process management

  • Database: PostgreSQL with master-slave replication

  • Load Balancer: Nginx with SSL termination

  • Monitoring: Real-time system monitoring and alerting

Infrastructure Requirements

  • Cloud Platform: AWS, Azure, or Google Cloud support

  • Container Support: Docker containerization ready

  • Backup Systems: Automated backup with offsite storage

  • Disaster Recovery: Hot standby and failover capability

Development & Testing

Development Environment

  • Local Development: Docker Compose for local setup

  • Staging Environment: Production-like testing environment

  • CI/CD Pipeline: Automated testing and deployment

  • Code Quality: ESLint, Prettier, TypeScript strict mode


Success Metrics

Business Metrics

Customer Adoption

  • User Growth: 50% year-over-year user growth

  • Transaction Volume: 100% year-over-year transaction growth

  • Customer Satisfaction: 90%+ Net Promoter Score

  • System Adoption: 95%+ feature utilization rate

Operational Efficiency

  • Processing Time: 50% reduction in transaction processing time

  • Error Rate: <0.1% transaction error rate

  • Compliance: 100% regulatory compliance score

  • Uptime: 99.9% system availability

Technical Metrics

Performance Metrics

  • Response Time: Average page load time <2 seconds

  • Throughput: 1,000+ concurrent users supported

  • Scalability: Linear performance scaling with load

  • Resource Utilization: <80% average resource usage

Quality Metrics

  • Bug Rate: <1 bug per 1,000 lines of code

  • Test Coverage: >90% code coverage

  • Security: Zero critical security vulnerabilities

  • Documentation: 100% API documentation coverage


Conclusion

RISWIS represents a comprehensive core banking solution designed specifically for the West African market. The system combines modern technology with deep understanding of local banking requirements, regulatory compliance needs, and operational realities.

The product is designed to enable financial institutions to:

  • Modernize their banking operations with digital-first approaches

  • Maintain regulatory compliance with built-in controls

  • Scale operations efficiently with automated processes

  • Provide excellent customer service through multiple channels

  • Make data-driven decisions with comprehensive reporting

This PRD serves as the foundation for continued development, market expansion, and feature enhancement of the RISWIS platform.


Document Version Control

  • Version 1.0: Initial comprehensive PRD

  • Last Updated: January 2025

  • Next Review: Quarterly

  • Stakeholders: Product Team, Development Team, Business Development, Compliance Team

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